Louisiana v. Callais guts the VRA

Shelby County v. Holder

The SCOTUS ruling in Louisiana v. Callais gutted the Voting Rights Act. From SCOTUSblog: “By a vote of 6-3, the justices left in place a ruling by a federal court that barred the state from using the map, which had created a second majority-Black district, in future elections. Although [the] ruling did not strike down a key provision of the federal Voting Rights Act, as Louisiana and the challengers had asked the court to do, Justice Elena Kagan suggested in her dissent… that the majority opinion by Justice Samuel Alito had rendered the provision ‘all but a dead letter.'”

I am purloining from the newsletter of my Congressman, Paul Tonko:

“For more than a decade, the Court’s right-wing justices have steadily chipped away at the protections enshrined in the Voting Rights Act (VRA). Ever since the Supreme Court’s 2013 decision in Shelby County v. Holder struck down provisions requiring some state and local governments to obtain federal approval before making changes to their voting laws, Republicans across the nation have initiated a ‘race to the bottom’ to determine just how far the Court would allow them to go in suppressing the vote — particularly in communities of color. This week’s ruling in Louisiana v. Callais provided an answer, giving states free rein to enact gerrymanders that effectively disenfranchise vast swaths of their populations.”

Have we overcome?

“Justice Samuel Alito’s majority opinion — which invalidated a Louisiana congressional map that created a second majority-Black district in order to provide better representation for that state’s large Black community — relied on the perverse logic that actions to protect the rights of communities of color are themselves a form of unconstitutional racial discrimination. Ignoring the reality that the Voting Rights Act was the only thing standing in the way of Republican efforts to silence the voices of marginalized communities, the Court’s majority effectively declared racism a thing of the past and the VRA’s protections no longer necessary. This deeply misguided decision calls to mind Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s dissenting opinion in Shelby County v. Holder, where she argued that eliminating civil rights protections because they have been successful in their goals is like throwing away your umbrella in a rainstorm because you are not getting wet.”

Prior to Shelby, which I felt was in response to the election of Barack Obama as President and created a “We HAVE overcome!” false narrative, SCOTUS had generally ruled for the common good in my lifetime.

Shadow docket

But it is the use of the “shadow docket” that shows how SCOTUS has been putting its thumb on the scale. Voting rights attorney Marc Elias notes: “My law firm had sued Alabama over its illegal map in November 2021. Within a few months, we had secured a victory for our clients and the Black voters of Alabama. Unsurprisingly, Alabama went to the Supreme Court to block our victory in the 2022 election. 

“On Feb. 7, 2022, the Court put our victory on hold. According to Justices Kavanaugh and Alito, the emergency stay was necessary because of the ‘chaos’ a new map would create for the upcoming primary elections. Those elections were still four and a half months away.”

A similar scenario took place in Louisiana. So when SCOTUS ruled in Callais, “In Louisiana, where mail-in voting has begun, Gov. Jeff Landry declared a state of emergency to suspend those elections.” Around 42,000 people had already cast mail ballots by the time Louisiana halted congressional primaries to gerrymander.  “In Alabama, Gov. Kay Ivey has called a special session of the legislature to change its maps. Voting there begins in little more than two weeks.” Chaos indeed. 

The  Weekly Sift guy wrote What to do about a lawless Supreme Court? which gives a historical perspective of the Voting Rights Act and the subsequent attacks on it.

The undoing

Tonko: “In her own dissenting opinion in Louisiana v. Callais, Justice Elena Kagan aptly described the Voting Rights Act as ‘one of the most consequential, efficacious, and amply justified exercises of federal legislative power in our Nation’s history.’ But now, after decades of Republican diatribes against judges who ‘legislate from the bench,’ six right-wing justices have unilaterally rendered that landmark legislation ‘all but a dead letter.’

“This decision is a profound setback for our multiracial democracy. The Court’s actions have undermined one of the last remaining tools protecting voters from racial discrimination in voting and redistricting, undoing hard-won victories that brought real representation to communities of color for the first time in American history. “

Democracy Docket notes that the regime “confirmed it will target Black and Latino-majority voting districts across the country — using the Supreme Court’s recent decision gutting the Voting Rights Act as a legal weapon.

“Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights Harmeet Dhillon made clear the Justice Department plans to go after ‘majority-minority’ districts — where Black and Latino voters are a majority of the population and have historically been able to elect candidates of their choice.”

NPR: Supreme Court paves the way for the largest-ever drop in Black representation in Congress.

The Hill: Supreme Court roils 2026 midterms with Voting Rights Act ruling.

The response

Tonko: “In the months and years ahead, we must keep fighting to enact stronger voter protections through legislation like the John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act. We must continue pushing back against racial discrimination in the lower courts. We must aggressively pursue fair district maps that guarantee proper representation for communities of color, and we must seek reforms to rein in the unchecked power of this right-wing Supreme Court. Above all, we must continue to mobilize and exercise our fundamental right to vote — because if your vote didn’t matter, they wouldn’t be trying so hard to take it away.” 

One example of the bs: Florida’s redistricting mess isn’t just shady—it’s straight-up unconstitutional, and they did it anyway. Rick Wilson breaks down how Florida’s leaders ignored their own state constitution, carved up districts to rig the game, and dared the courts to catch up. In response, Florida Man is being sued.

Unfortunately, much of the remedy is caked in partisan rancor.  “Democrats vow to fight back, ” and so forth. As an old poli sci major, I hate almost ALL of these mid-decade redistricting plans. Strategically, I get it, but it makes me sad.

What I DO recommend: Update your voter registration and mark your calendar to ensure your vote is cast in every municipal, state, and federal election.

 

December 1st

among other things, vote

Every December 1, I’m torn about what to write. Item #1: It’s World AIDS Day. “This year’s theme is “World AIDS Day 35: Remember and Commit.” This annual event serves as a reminder of the global struggle to end HIV-related stigma, an opportunity to honor those we have lost, and a rallying cry to commit to working toward a day when HIV is no longer a public health threat.

In the national goal of ending the HIV epidemic by 2030, GLAAD “noted an alarming generation gap. Gen Z, the youngest generation in population surveys, is the most diverse and most out LGBTQ generation in history. According to our study, Gen Z is also the least knowledgeable about HIV.” Ignorance is NOT bliss.

Wyoming

Here’s a JEOPARDY clue:

#8974, aired 2023-11-16 THE NAME OF THE LAW $1600: The Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009 was named for James Byrd Jr. & this Casper, Wyoming man

The $1,600 clue was a Triple Stumper, with no one even ringing in to say the name of Matthew Shepard, born on December 1, 1976, whose brutal death in Wyoming in 1998 because he was gay I mentioned here and elsewhere.

(In case you’ve forgotten Byrd, he was the black man “who was tied to a truck by two white supremacists and a third man who had no racist background, dragged behind it, and decapitated in Jasper, Texas” in the same year.”)

It only took a decade and a black President to enact the bill.

Per Wikipedia:

“The measure expands the 1969 United States federal hate-crime law to include crimes motivated by a victim’s actual or perceived gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability.

“The bill also:

  • Removes, in the case of hate crimes related to the race, color, religion, or national origin of the victim, the prerequisite that the victim be engaging in a federally protected activity, like voting or going to school;
  • Gives federal authorities greater ability to engage in hate crime investigations that local authorities choose not to pursue;
  • Provides $5 million per year in funding for fiscal years 2010 through 2012 to help state and local agencies pay for investigating and prosecuting hate crimes;
  • Requires the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to track statistics on hate crimes based on gender and gender identity (statistics for the other groups were already tracked).”
Sister Rosa

The other December 1st recollection involves Rosa Parks being arrested on a Montgomery city bus in 1955 for failing to cede her seat to a white man.

As I noted back in 2010, Rosa was hardly the first person unwilling to give up her bus seat. Claudette Colvin had done the same nine months earlier, but she was young, loud, and brash.

What got me thinking about this was a new movie about Bayard Rustin, which I have not yet seen. He was the most important civil rights organizer that most people never heard of. It was his study of Gandhian nonviolence that informed much of Martin Luther King, Jr.’s strategies.    He was also instrumental in forming the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and organized the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.

You probably didn’t know him because he was gay at a time when, at best, it was inconvenient to the civil rights movement. At worst, he could have been jailed.

This makes me think about how well we marginalize folks who either don’t fit a particular narrative or else we cast aspersions on them to make them less than.

Alternative narratives

The defense in the Shepard case suggested that his ruthless murder was just a drug purchase gone wrong.

Many high-profile murder of a black person while dealing with law enforcement since the Black Lives Matter movement began has involved the victims painted as criminals. George Floyd allegedly passed a counterfeit $20 bill. Philando Castile was stopped for a traffic violation. Eric Gardner was selling loose cigarettes. And so on.

So, December 1st often fills me with hope. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 wouldn’t have happened if Martin Luther King Jr. and MANY others hadn’t used the Montgomery bus boycott as a launching pad for another phase of the Civil Rights movement.

December 1st shows how marriage equality, from Loving v. Virginia (1967) to Obergefell v. Hodges  (2015) can take place.

But I have no illusion that these hard-won victories can’t be rolled back. Since Shelby County v.  Holder, when SCOTUS gutted the Voting Right Act, the “Brennan Center has consistently found that states previously covered by the preclearance requirement have engaged in significant efforts to disenfranchise voters.”

Books being banned and challenged usually highlight black people, brown people, gay people, trans people… you get the drift.

My Christmas wish is for people to register and vote, not just in presidential years. Folks should be voting in school and library board selections, city and town council races, state and county legislative contests, etc. If possible, get involved in campaigns. Or – if you’re brave enough, and in this social media environment, it is brave – run yourself.

Restore the Voting Rights Act of 1965

“It would be transformative if everybody voted. That would counteract money more than anything.”

votingrightsact_0The Voting Rights Act of 1965 was signed into law on August 6, 1965, by President Lyndon Johnson because “Congress [had] determined that the existing federal anti-discrimination laws were not sufficient to overcome the resistance by state officials to enforcement of the 15th Amendment,” which had been ratified on February 3, 1870.

“Through the use of poll taxes, literacy tests, and other means, Southern states were able to effectively disenfranchise African Americans.”

The Act has been chipped away by the Supreme Court, resulting in a recent surge in voter ID laws, cuts to early voting and gerrymandering. One of the heroes of the Selma march of March 1965, John Lewis says voter ID laws are ‘poll taxes by another name’.

The 2014 midterm election turnout was the lowest in 70 years, when World War II was an understandable reason for failure to exercise the franchise. President Obama, who did NOT “suggest requiring everyone to vote”, did recognize that “it would be transformative if everybody voted. That would counteract money more than anything. If everybody voted, then it would completely change the political map in this country…” As my friend Steve Bissette put it, “It’s discouraging how many folks I know (especially younger voters) rationalize and justify opting out. ‘It’s rigged’ is easy when your refusal to vote cinches the rigging.”

At least, in June 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court voted 5 to 4 to uphold the right of states to set up independent, non-partisan committees to draw the district maps that determine seats in Congress.

The trend for most of this country’s history was to expand the right to cast the ballot, from requiring direct elections of US Senators, to allowing women and 18-year-olds to vote. This retrenchment in recent years is discouraging for my sense of what democracy should look like. See A Dream Undone: Inside the 50-year campaign to roll back the Voting Rights Act from the New York Times magazine.

One last thing: from Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, learn about the disenfranchisement of Americans living in U.S. territories.

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